Northwestern Medicine scientists have identified the cellular mechanisms that cause immune cells to differentiate and ultimately lose function during viral infection, findings that could improve ...

Interleukin-9 (IL-9) is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a critical role in regulating immune responses, allergic inflammation and host defence mechanisms. T helper 9 (TH9) cells, a specialised ...

Researchers at the Medical University of Vienna have taken a closer look at a previously largely unknown component of the immune system: the protein molecule TRAT1 (T Cell Receptor Associated ...

Researchers in Korea have reported that butyrate from commensal gut bacteria can enhance T follicular helper cell function, increase immunoglobulin A production and improve protection after ...